Preventive and public health initiatives focus on reducing disease burden through vaccination, hygiene, sanitation, and health education. In Bangladesh, nutrition remains a key concern, with efforts aimed at combating malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, especially among children and women. Reproductive health services are improving, yet challenges remain in access to maternal care, family planning, and awareness. Child health programs emphasize immunization, nutrition, and reducing infant mortality. Occupational health and safety standards are often underdeveloped, particularly in informal sectors like textiles and agriculture, leading to workplace hazards. Government and NGO programs are working to address these issues, but systemic improvements are needed.